Table of Contents and Access to Abstracts

Plenary

Rolling, Loll: "Speech ninety-two -new horizons for the european community", 1001-1002.

Fant, Gunnar: "Speech research in perspective", 1003-1004.

Speech Recognition: Subword Units in ASR

Hwang, Mei-Yuh / Hon, Hsiao-Wuen / Lee, Kai-Fu: "Modeling between-word coarticulation in continuous speech recognition", 1005-1008.

Torkkola, Kari / Raivio, Kimmo: "Comparison of symbolic and connectionist approaches to eliminate coarticulation effects in phonemic speech recognition", 1009-1012.

Falaschi, Alessandro: "A functional based phonetic units definition for statistical speech recognizers", 1013-1016.

Weigel, Walter / Ruske, Günther: "Continuous speech recognition using syllabic segmentation and demisyllable hidden Markov models", 1017-1020.

Vigier, Alain J. / Silverman, Harvey F.: "Disambiguation of the e-set for connected-alphadigit recognition", 1021-1024.

Language Processing: Semantic Oriented Language Analysis

Young, S. R.: "Use of dialogue, pragmatics and semantics to enhance speech recognition: applicability and limitations of dynamically reducing perplexity", 1025.

Niedermair, G. Th.: "The use of a semantic network in speech dialogue", 1026-1029.

Tropf, Herbert S.: "Syntax in the spoken dialogue system spicos-II", 1030-1033.

Biebow, Brigitte / Coupey, Pascal / Szulman, Sylvie: "Using exceptions in a semantic network for a natural language application", 1034-1037.

Streit, Michael: "Presuppositions and anaphora in a question answering speech system", 1175-1178.

Price, Patti / Moore, Robert / Murveit, Hy / Pereira, Fernando / Bernstein, Jared / Dalrymple, Mary: "The integration of speech and natural language in interactive spoken language systems", 1179-1182.

Mousel, P. / Pierrel, Jean-Marie / Roussanaly, A.: "Cooperation and representation of syntactic-semantic and pragmatic knowledge in a natural language task oriented spoken dialogue system", 1183-1186.

Matrouf, K. / Neel, Francoise / Gauvain, Jean-Luc / Mariani, Joseph: "Adaptive syntax representation in an oral task-oriented dialogue for air-traffic controller training", 1187-1190.

Hunnicutt, Sheri: "Using syntactic and semantic information in a word prediction aid", 1191-1193.

Inoue, Naomi / Morimoto, Tsuyoshi / Ogura, Kentarou: "A linguistic knowledge base for applying semantic information to a speech understanding system", 1194-1197.

Kitano, Hiroaki / Tomabechi, Hideto / Mitamura, Teruko / Iida, Hitoshi: "A massively parallel model of speech-to-speech dialog translation: a step toward interpreting telephony", 1198-1201.

Speech Analysis: Prosody

Collier, René: "Intonation analysis: the perception of speech melody in relation to acoustics and production", 1038-1044.

Avesani, C.: "Towards a model of Italian intonation", 1045.

Mertens, P.: "Automatic recognition of intonation in French and dutch", 1046-1050.

Hertrich, Ingo / Gartenberg, R. D.: "A new method in intonation research using partly controlled, simulated dialogues", 1051-1054.

Vaissière, Jacqueline: "On automatic extraction of prosodic information for automatic speech recognition system", 1202-1205.

Howard, I. S. / Walliker, J. R.: "The implementation of a portable real-time multilayer-perceptron speech fundamental period estimator", 1206-1209.

Batliner, Anton / Nöth, Elmar: "The prediction of focus", 1210-1213.

Quene, Hugo / Kager, Rene: "Automatic accentuation and prosodic phrasing for dutch text-to-speech conversion", 1214-1218.

Bezooijen, Renee van / Pols, Louis C. W.: "Evaluation of a sentence accentuation algorithm for a dutch text-to-speech system", 1218-1221.

Martin, Philippe: "Automatic assignment of lexical stress in Italian", 1222-1225.

Hieronymus, James L.: "Automatic sentential vowel stress labelling", 1226-1229.

Perception: Segmental

Peeters, Willem J. M. / Barry, William J.: "Diphthong dynamics: production and perception in southern british English", 1055-1058.

Datscheweit, W.: "Quantitative measurement of the influence of acoustic cues on the perception of voiced plosives", 1059-1062.

Schwartz, Jean-Luc / Boe, Louis Jean / Perrier, Pascal / Guérin, Bernard / Escudier, Pierre: "Perceptual contract and stability in vowel systems: a 3-d simulation study", 1063-1066.

Watson, Ian M. C. / McCormick, Marianne / Seitz, Franz / Bladon, Anthony / Temple, Rosalind: "The use of perceptually scaled spectra in across-talker algorithmic classification of british English stop consonants", 1067-1070.

Broeders, Ton / Rietveld, Toni: "Segmental marking as a cue in auditory voice identification of telephone speech", 1071-1074.

Speech Recognition: Systems

Fesseler, Peter / Hackbarth, Heidi / Kugler, Marianne / Boehm, Arnd: "Automatic vocabulary extension for a speaker-adaptive speech recognition system based on CVC units", 1075-1078.

Scagliola, Carlo / Vicenzi, Cesare / Carossino, Angelo / Sciarra, Donatella: "Iterative optimization of sub-word templates for speech recognition", 1079-1082.

Monnet, F. / Jousset, S. / Demour, A. / Richard, P.: "The IKAROS continuous speech understanding system: first demonstrator", 1083.

Fournol, D. / Godin, C. / Guidon, Y. / Richard, P.: "The spin continuous-speech decoding system", 1084-1087.

Dermatas, E. / Fanotakis, Nikos / Kokkinakis, George: "Improved speaker independent IWRS for small vocabularies", 1088-1090.

Buttafava, P. / Billi, Roberto / Digiampietro, W. / Massia, G. / Vittorelli, V.: "Architecture and implementation of the olivetti PC-based very large vocabulary isolated word speech recognition system", 1091-1093.

Adda-Decker, Martine: "Continuous speech recognition using phone-based anchor point detection and diphone-based dp-matching", 1094-1097.

Bundgaard, Michael: "Statistical analysis of large-scale lexical corpuses in the context of continuous speech recognition systems (CSR systems)", 1098-1101.

Marino, Jose B. / Nadeu, Climent / Moreno, Asunción / Lleida, Eduardo / Monte, Enric: "Recognition of numbers and strings of numbers by using demisyllables: one speaker experiment", 1102-1105.

Colangeli, Giulio / Ardito, Filippo: "A transputer based system for parallel dynamic time warping", 1106-1109.

Noyes, J. M. / Frankish, Clive R.: "Gender differences in speech recognition performance", 1110-1112.

Speech Synthesis: Techniques and Applications

Carlson, Rolf / Granström, Björn / Lindstrom, Anders: "Predicting name pronunciation for a reverse directory service", 1113-1116.

Spiegel, Murray F. / Macchi, Marian J. / Gollhardt, Kurt D.: "Synthesis of names by a demisyllable-based speech synthesizer (SPOKESMAN)", 1117-1120.

King, Robin W.: "Layout processing, user control and prosody insertion in an on-line synthetic speech system", 1121-1124.

Ainsworth, William A. / Pell, B.: "Connectionist architectures for a text-to-speech system", 1125-1128.

Bosch, L. F. M. ten / Collier, René / Boves, Louis: "From diphones to allophones: from data to rules", 1129-1131.

Loman, H. / Bezooijen, Renée van / Kerkhoff, J. / Boves, Louis: "A working environment and procedure for the development of speech synthesis rules", 1132-1135.

Bailly, Gérard / Tran, A.: "Compost: a rule-compiler for speech synthesis", 1136-1139.

Hirokawa, Tomohisa: "Speech synthesis using a waveform dictionary", 1140-1143.

Bäckström, Marina / Ceder, Ken / Lyberg, Bertil: "PROPHON - an interactive environment for text-to-speech conversion", 1144-1147.

Speech Recognition: HMM

Lee, Kai-Fu: "Hidden Markov models: past, present, and future", 1148-1155.

Bahl, L. R. / Gennaro, S. V. De / Gopalakrishnan, P. S. / Mercer, R. L.: "A fast approximate acoustic match for large vocabulary speech recognition", 1156-1158.

Serralheiro, A. J. / Ephraim, Y. / Rabiner, Lawrence R.: "On nonstationary hidden Markov modeling of speech signals", 1159-1162.

Huang, X. D. / Hon, Hsiao-Wuen / Lee, Kai-Fu: "Large-vocabulary speaker-independent continuous speech recognition with semi-continuous hidden Markov models", 1163-1166.

Varga, Andrew / Ponting, Keith: "Control experiments on noise compensation in hidden Markov model based continuous word recognition", 1167-1170.

Imamura, Akihiro / Hamada, Hiroshi / Nakatsu, Ryohei: "Speaker-independent word recognition through telephone networks using hidden Markov models", 1171-1174.

Hon, Hsiao-Wuen / Lee, Kai-Fu / Weide, Robert: "Towards speech recognition without vocabulary-specific training", 1481-1484.

Davies, Peter: "Hidden Markov modelling of modern standard Chinese tones in connected speech", 1485.

Wright, J. H. / Wrigley, E. N. / Carey, M. J.: "Probabilistic multilevel language analysis for speech recognition", 1486-1489.

Lee, Kai-Fu / Mahajan, Sanjoy: "Corrective and reinforcement learning for speaker-independent continuous speech recognition", 1490-1493.

Rigoll, Gerhard: "An information theory approach to speaker adaptation", 1494-1497.

Perception: Auditory Processing

Darwin, C. J.: "Speech perception seen through the ear", 1230-1234.

Wu, Zong Liang / Schwartz, Jean Luc / Escudier, Pierre: "A theoretical study of neural mechanisms specialized in the detection of articulatory-acoustic events", 1235-1238.

Pont, M. J. / Damper, Robert I.: "A possible neural basis for the categorical perception of the English voiced/voiceless contrast", 1239-1242.

Hukin, R. W. / Damper, Robert I.: "Testing an auditory model by resynthesis", 1243-1246.

Berthommier, F. / Schwartz, Jean-Luc / Escudier, Pierre: "Auditory processing in a post-cochlear neural network vowel spectrum processing based on spike synchrony", 1247-1250.

Keurs, Mariken ter / Plomp, Reinier / Festen, Joost M.: "Effects of spectral smearing on speech reception", 1251-1253.

Speech Recognition: Robust Recognition and Speaker Recognition

Fujihashi, Y. / Fukui, A.: "Telephone speech recognition system with high noise immunity", 1254-1257.

Yong, Gu / Mason, John S.: "Speaker normalization via a linear transformation on a perceptual feature space and its benefits in ASR adaptation", 1258-1261.

Ruehl, Hans-Wilhelm / Dobler, S. / Weith, J. / Meyer, Peter / Noll, A. / Hamer, H. H. / Piotrowski, H.: "Speech recognition in the noisy car environment", 1262-1265.

Carey, Michael / Howe, Amanda / Tucker, Roger: "On the recognition of key words in unconstrained conversation", 1266.

Mason, John S. / Oglesby, J. / Xu, L.: "Codebooks to optimise speaker recognition", 1267-1270.

Xu, L. / Mason, John S.: "Instantaneous and transitional perceptually-based features in speaker identification", 1271-1274.

Rocchi, Claudio / Mumolo, Enzo: "A new method for performing weighted distances for speaker authentication", 1275-1278.

Federico, A. / Ibba, G. / Paoloni, A. / Sario, N. De / Saverione, B.: "Comparison between automatic methods and human listeners in speaker recognition tasks", 1279-1282.

Giannini, Antonella / Pettorino, Massimo / Cinque, Umberto: "Speaker's identification by voice", 1283-1286.

Zalewski, Janusz: "Text dependent speaker recognition in noise", 1287-1289.

Speech Coding: Coders Design and Evaluation

Hirata, Yoshimitsu / Nakagawa, Seiich: "A lOObit/s speech coding using a speech recognition technique", 1290-1293.

Lefevre, Jean-Paul / Viola, Roberto: "Real-time multirate speech codec for manned spacecraft communications", 1294-1297.

Soheili, R. / Kondoz, A. M. / Evans, B. G.: "New innovations in multi-pulse speech coding for bit rates below 8 kb/s", 1298-1301.

Boyd, I. / Southcott, C. B. / Bolingbroke, P. J.: "A speech coder for aeronautical telecommunications", 1302-1305.

Ozawa, Kazunori: "A 4.8 kb/s high-quality speech coding using various types of excitation signals", 1306-1309.

Delprat, M. / Lever, M. / Gruet, C.: "Efficient excitation model and fast selection in CELP coding of speech", 1310-1313.

Atungsiri, S. A. / Kondoz, A. M. / Evans, B. G.: "A low bit rate speech coder optimized for forward error control", 1314-1317.

Satoh, Kazumi / Kurihara, Hideaki / Unagami, Shigeyuki / Kajihara, Masanori / Tomita, Yoshihiro: "8- and 16-kb/s APC-AB voice codec using a single chip DSP", 1318-1321.

Moreau, N. / Dymarski, P.: "Mixed excitation CELP coder", 1322-1325.

Wery, B. R. / Leroux, A. / Delbrouck, H. Ph. / Leclerc, J.: "A new parametric speech analysis and synthesis technique in the frequency domain", 1326-1328.

Speech Recognition: Connectionist Network

Blanchet, Pascal: "Multilayer perceptron architectures for data compression tasks", 1329-1332.

Renals, Steve / Dalby, Jonathan: "Analysis of a neural network model for speech recognition", 1333-1336.

Patarnello, Stefano / Scarei, Stefano: "Self-organizing boolean networks for speech recognition", 1337-1340.

Monte, Enric / Lleida, Eduardo / Marino, Jose B.: "New backpropagation algorithm using quadratic potential functions, and an experiment on isolated word recognition", 1341-1344.

Kangas, Jari / Kohonen, Teuvo: "Transient map method in stop consonant discrimination", 1345-1348.

Caharel, M.-H. / Miclet, Laurent: "Filtering a phonetic lattice with a connexionnist network", 2529-2532.

Bulot, R. / Nocera, P.: "Explicit knowledge and neural networks for speech recognition", 2533-2536.

Bottou, L. / Fogelman Soulie, F. / Blanchet, Pascal / Lienard, Jean-Sylvain: "Experiments with time delay networks and dynamic time warping for speaker independent isolated digits recognition", 2537-2540.

Dalsgaard, Paul: "Semi-automatic phonemic labelling of speech data using a self-organising neural network", 2541-2544.

Baekgaard, Anders / Dalsgaard, Paul: "Recognition of continuous speech using neural nets and expert system", 2545-2548.

Komori, Yasuhiro / Hatazaki, Kaichiro / Tanaka, Takaharu / Kawabata, Takeshi / Shikano, Kiyohiro: "Phoneme recognition expert system using spectrogram reading knowledge and neural networks", 2549-2552.

Haffner, P. / Waibel, Alex / Sawai, H. / Shikano, Kiyohiro: "Fast back-propagation learning methods for large phonemic neural networks", 2553-2556.

Rohwer, Richard / Cressy, David: "Phoneme classification by boolean networks", 2557-2560.

Kokkonen, Mikko / Torkkola, Kari: "Using self-organizing maps and multi-layered feed-forward nets to obtain phonemic transcriptions of spoken utterances", 2561-2564.

Huckvale, Mark A. / Howard, I. S. / Barry, William J.: "Automatic phonetic feature labelling of continuous speech", 2565-2568.

Speech Synthesis: Voice Source and Prosody

Karlsson, Inger: "A female voice for a text-to-speech system", 1349-1352.

Barry, William J. / Grice, Martine / Hazan, Valerie / Fourcin, Adrian J.: "Excitation distributions for synthesised speech", 1353-1356.

Terken, Jacques M. B. / Collier, René: "Automatic synthesis of natural-sounding intonation for text-to-speech conversion in dutch", 1357-1359.

Moreno, P. J. / Martinez, M. / Pardo, José M. / Vallejo, J. A.: "Improving naturalness in a text-to-speech system with a new fundamental frequency algorithm", 1360-1363.

Brovchenko, T. / Voloshin, V.: "Discourse intonation and expressive synthetic speech", 1364-1365.

Fant, Gunnar / Kruckenberg, Anita / Nord, Lennart: "Rhythmical structures in text reading - a language contrasting study", 1498-1501.

Monaghan, Alex I. C.: "Phonological domains for intonation in speech synthesis", 1502-1505.

Quazza, S. / Varese, G. / Vivalda, E.: "Syntactic pre-processing for high quality text-to-speech", 1506-1509.

Larreur, Danielle / Emerard, Francoise / Marty, F.: "Linguistic and prosodic processing for a text-to-speech synthesis system", 1510-1513.

Youd, N. J. / Fallside, Frank: "Driving a speech synthesizer from conceptual input in the context of a voice dialogue system", 1514-1517.

Speech Recognition: Tools for Feature-Based Phonetic Recognition

Blokland, Art / Thompson, Henry S.: "A parser for feature-based speech recognition", 1366-1368.

Nguyen-Trong, Noel: "A recent advance in factorial analysis, related to phonetic feature extraction", 1369.

Shirai, Katsuhiko / Aoki, Noriyuki / Hosaka, Naoki: "Phoneme recognition in continuous speech using feature selection based on mutual information", 1370-1373.

Poirier, Franck: "Automatic labelling of continuous speech based on hierarchical representation of the energy", 1374-1377.

Thompson, Henry S.: "A chart parsing realisation of dynamic programming, with best-first enumeration of paths in a lattice", 1378-1381.

Language Processing: Written Language Analysis

Dermatas, E. / Kokkinakis, George: "A system for automatic text labelling", 1382-1385.

Cericola, D. / Danieli, M. / Mollo, M. J. / Voltolini, D.: "Morpho-syntactic tools for speech processing", 1386-1389.

Mastrolonardo, A. / Refice, M.: "Measuring the power of self-organized linguistic models", 1390-1393.

Fouquere, Christophe: "Is nonmonotonic grammar a solution to natural language processing?", 1394-1397.

Reynier, Emmanuel / Caelen, Jean: "ATN compiler and parser for an ASR system", 1398-1401.

Elenius, Kjell / Carlson, Rolf: "Assigning parts-of-speech to words from their orthography using a connectionist model", 1534-1537.

McAllister, Mike: "The problems of punctuation ambiguity in fully automatic text-to-speech conversion", 1538-1541.

Refice, M. / Savino, M.: "Word endings analysis of european languages", 1542-1545.

Prakash, M. / Rao, G. V. Ramana / Sekhar, C. Chandra / Yegnanarayana, B.: "Parsing spoken utterances in an inflectional language", 1546-1549.

Berthelin, J. B. / Fournier, J. P. / Grau, B.: "Processing non-expected language", 1550-1552.

Applications: Designing an Application

Carter, K. E. P. / Gookson, S. / Newell, A. F. / Arnott, J. L. / Dye, R.: "The effect of feedback on oomposition rate using a simulated listening typewriter", 1402-1404.

Chigier, Benjamin / Urdang, Erik / Spitz, Judith: "Analysis of two algorithms for telephone speech recognition", 1405-1407.

Thomas, T. / Peckham, J. / Frangoulis, E. / Cove, J.: "The sensitivity of speech recognisers to speaker variability and speaker variation", 1408-1411.

Vu, V. V. / King, R. A.: "Automatic diagnostic and assessment procedures for the comparison and optimisation of time encoded speech (TES) DVI systems", 1412-1416.

Hughes, R. D. / King, R. A.: "A comparison of the performance of "normal" and "whispered" speech with simple time encoded digital speech (TES) direct voice input (DVI) systems in a tactical military environment", 1417-1420.

Hamada, Hiroshi / Miki, Satoshi / Nakatsu, Ryohei: "Automatic evaluation of English pronunciation based on speech recognition techniques", 1421-1424.

Bakkum, Mark J. / Plomp, Reinier / Pols, Louis C. W.: "Objective evaluation of word pronunciation by filter-band analysis", 1425-1428.

Leiser, R. G. / Avons, S. E.: "Paralanguage and human-computer dialogue", 1429-1432.

Fellbaum, Klaus / Heinstein, Rainer / Loebner, Helmut: "Speech dialogue systems - state of the art and selected applications", 1433-1436.

Ciaramella, Alberto / Clementino, Davide / Pacifici, Roberto: "Characterization of a large vocabulary isolated words and continuous speech recognizer", 1437-1440.

Schalk, Thomas B.: "Automating operator-assisted calls using speech recognition", 1441-1444.

Murillo, G. / Benbassat, G. / Masse, Y.: "The texas-instruments PC-based speech vocabulary development system makes it even easier to put speech into applications", 1445.

Kobayashi, Yutaka / Niimi, Yasuhisa: "An efficient VQ code search algorithm using signal continuity", 1446-1449.

Speech Analysis: Miscellaneous

Karjalainen, Matti / Altosaar, Toomas / Alku, Paavo / Lehtinen, Lauri / Helle, Seppo: "Speech processing in the object-oriented DSP environment quicksig", 1450-1453.

Beroule, Dominique G.: "Management of time distortions through rough coincidence detection", 1454-1457.

Carlson, Rolf / Nord, Lennart: "Positional variants of Swedish sonorants in an analysis-synthesis scheme", 1458-1461.

Chan, Chorkin / Bao, Jun / Wu, Jian-xiong: "A preliminary study on the static representation of short-timed speech dynamics", 1462-1465.

Moulsley, T. J. / Holmes, P. R.: "An adaptive voiced/unvoiced speech classifier", 1466-1469.

Stamenkovic, H. / Bakran, J.: "An intelligent pitch tracker based on formal language theory and phonetic knowledge", 1470-1473.

Giustiniani, Massimo: "A new algorithm for fundamental frequency estimation", 1474-1475.

Reetz, Henning: "A fast expert program for pitch extraction", 1476-1479.

Hirst, Daniel / Espesser, Robert: "Automatic modelling of fundamental frequency curves", 1480.

Speech Recognition: Prosody and Lexical Access in Knowledge-Based Recognition

Nasri, M. K. / Caelen-Haumont, Geneviève / Caelen, Jean: "Comparative study between uniform and variable coding used for inferring prosodic rules in automatic speech recognition expert systems", 1518-1521.

Carbonell, Noelle: "On the use of prosodic knowledge for continuous speech recognition and understanding", 1522-1525.

Bundgaard, Michael: "An algorithm for recognition of stress in danish and its application in an ASR system", 1526.

Carlo, A. Di / Paoloni, A.: "An experiment in word hypothesization performed in the context of a continuous speech recognition system", 1527-1529.

Kaspar, Bernhard / Lochschmidt, Bernd: "SPEECHLEX - phonological word modelling component of an experimental speech recognition system", 1530-1533.

Applications: Applications and Specialized Devices

Moore, T. A. / King, R. A.: "A voice to data convertor for use in a hostile tactical military environment", 1553-1556.

Boillon, D. / Breitschaedel, R. / Corvellec, Y. / Bergmann, D.: "Speech interface for an experimental office system", 1557-1560.

Riccio, A. / Carraro, F. / Mumolo, E.: "Voice based remote data base access", 1561-1564.

Cecinati, Riccardo / Ciaramella, Alberto / Licciardi, Luigi / Venuti, Giovanni: "Implementation of a dynamic time warp integrated circuit for large vocabulary isolated and connected speech recognition", 1565-1568.

Gagnoulet, C. / Damay, J.: "MAIRIEVOX: a speech-activated voice information system", 1569-1572.

Haberbeck, Rolf: "The communication interface - a management system for advanced user interfaces", 1573-1576.

Büther, H. / Haberbeck, Rolf / Volmary, C.: "Strategies for the use of multi-media and multi-modal input facilities at office workstations", 1577-1580.

Lecomte, I. / Boudy, J. / Baillargeat, C. / Lever, M.: "Speech processing in car environment", 1581.

Ventura, J. C.: "Multiband digital gain controller", 1582-1585.

Aktas, Abdulmesih / Höge, Harald: "Multi-DSP and VQ-ASIC based acoustic front-end for real-time speech processing tasks", 1586-1589.

Coile, Bert Van / Martens, J. P.: "Dutch text-to-speech aids for the vocally handicapped", 1590-1593.

Signal Processing: Acoustics, Noise, and Enhancement

Chen, Xixian / Cai, Changnian: "A novel approach for degraded speech recognition", 1594-1595.

Jovicic, S.T. / Randelovid, P.: "An algorithm for time-scaling of speech signal", 1596-1599.

Varley, M. R. / Simpson, R. J. / Terrell, T. J.: "Pitch determination algorithms for speech and their implementation using a high performance single chip digital signal processor", 1600-1603.

Yegnanarayana, B. / Murthy, K. V. Madhu: "Analysis of short time speech segments based on linear prediction", 1604.

Owens, F. J. / Murphy, M. S.: "Non-uniform RFT filterbank design for speech processing", 1605-1608.

Psutka, Josef: "The use of the LPC residual error autocorrelation to pitch period extraction", 1609-1612.

Fohr, Dominique / Laprie, Yves: "Snorri: an interactive tool for speech analysis", 1613-1616.

Fikri, M. / Aou-El-Yazid, M. F. / El-Ghonemy, M. R.: "Improving formant bandwidth estimation by selective lag windowing", 1617-1620.

Alphen, Paul van / Pols, Louis C. W.: "A real-time FIR-based felterbank, as the acoustic front end of a speech recognizer", 1621-1624.

Estola, Kari-Pekka: "Multirate Gaussian scale-space filtering", 1625-1628.

Farassopoulos, A. / Farassopoulos-Gerber, A.: "Speech enhancement for hearing aids in noisy environment", 1629-1632.

Nakata, Kazuo / Sugiura, Akihiko: "Noise reduction of speech by neural networks and vector quantization", 1633-1636.

Scaife, Ronan: "Vocal tract area estimation - extending the wakita inverse filter", 2648-2651.

Hirsch, Hans-Günter / Rühl, Hans-Wilhelm: "Automatic speech recognition in a noisy environment", 2652-2655.

Gehrenbeck, P.: "A computationally inexpensive algorithm for enhancing speech disturbed by coloured noise", 2656.

Compernolle, Dirk Van / Ma, Weiye / Diest, Marc Van: "Speech recognition in noisy environments with the aid of microphone arrays", 2657-2660.

Schlang, Martin F.: "An auditory based approach for echo compensation with modulation filtering", 2661-2664.

Speech Recognition: Large Vocabulary and Multilingual Aspects

Loken-Kim, K. H. / Nara, Y.: "A postprocessor for a large vocabulary Japanese speech recognition system", 2001-2004.

Emam, O. S. / Hashish, M. A.: "Large-vocabulary isolated Arabic word recognition system: preliminary results", 2005-2008.

Wothke, K. / Bandara, U. / Kempf, J. / Keppel, E. / Mohr, K. / Walch, G.: "The SPRING speech recognition system for German", 2009-2012.

Speech Synthesis: Methods

Charpentier, Francis / Moulines, Eric: "Pitch-synchronous waveform processing techniques for text-to-speech synthesis using diphones", 2013-2019.

Heike, Georg / Greisbach, Reinhold / Hilger, Stefan / Kröger, Bernd: "Speech synthesis by acoustic control", 2020-2022.

Badin, Pierre / Fant, Gunnar: "Fricative production modelling: aerodynamic and acoustic data", 2023-2026.

Mrayati, Mohamed / Carré, René: "Speech synthesis based on vocal tract region theory", 2172-2175.

Owens, F. J. / Wright, G. T. H. / Ramsey, N. W.: "A time-domain articulatory speech synthesiser", 2176-2179.

Lehtinen, Lauri / Karjalainen, Matti: "Individual sounding speech synthesis by rule using the microphonemic method", 2180-2182.

Bimbot, Frédéric / Chollet, Gérard / Deleglise, P.: "Speech synthesis by structured segments, using temporal decomposition and a glottal excitation", 2183-2186.

Falaschi, Alessandro / Giustiniani, Massimo / Verola, Massimo: "A hidden Markov model approach to speech synthesis", 2187-2190.

Posmyk, Reinhard: "Time-domain synthesizer for preserving microprosody", 2191-2194.

Takeda, Kazuya / Abe, Katsuo / Sagisaka, Yoshinori / Kuwabara, Hisao: "Adaptive manipulation of non-uniform synthesis units using multi-level unit transcription", 2195-2198.

Signal Processing: Miscellaneous

Lobo, A. P. / Ainsworth, William A.: "Evaluation of a glottal ARMA modelling scheme", 2027-2030.

Alku, Paavo / Laine, Unto K.: "A new glottal LPC method of low complexity for speech analysis and coding", 2031-2034.

Gautherot, O. / Mason, John S. / Corney, P.: "LPC residual phase investigation", 2035-2038.

Francesco, R. Di / Moulines, E.: "Detection of the glottal closure by jumps in the statistical properties of the signal", 2039-2042.

Veth, J. de / Brouwers, W. van Golstein / Boves, Louis: "Robust ARMA analysis for accurate determination of system parameters of the voice source and vocal tract", 2043-2046.

Chan, D. S. F. / Brookes, D. M.: "Variability of excitation parameters derived from robust closed phase glottal inverse filtering", 2199-2202.

Marques, Jorge S. / Almeida, Luis B.: "Sinusoidal modeling of voiced and unvoiced speech", 2203-2206.

Itahashi, Shuichi / Takagi, Kazuyuki: "Automatic formant frequency extraction by moment calculation of speech spectrum", 2207-2210.

d'Alessandro, Christophe: "Time-frequency modifications using an elementary waveform speech model", 2211-2214.

Nadeu, Climent / Lleida, Eduardo / Hernando, F. Javier: "Modeling of the analytic spectrum for speech recognition", 2215-2218.

Language Processing: Speech-Oriented Language Analysis

Gong, Yifan / Boyer, Anne / Haton, Jean-Paul: "Parallel construction of syntactic structure for continuous speech recognition", 2047-2050.

Steinbiss, Volker: "Sentence-hypotheses generation in a continuous-speech recognition system", 2051-2054.

McKelvie, David / McInnes, Fergus R.: "Using entropy as a measure of phoneme lattice quality and to evaluate lexical access mechanisms", 2055-2058.

Thompson, Henry S. / McKelvie, David / McInnes, Fergus R.: "Robust lexical access for continuous speech using dynamic time warping and finite-state transducers", 2059-2062.

Senders, Walther / Kugler, Marianne / Boves, Louis: "Simultaneous optimisation of several variables in a probabilistic language model", 2063-2066.

Kurematsu, A.: "Relationship between speech processing and language processing - speech translation from Japanese to English", 2219.

Henrich, Peter: "Language identification for the automatic grapheme-to-phoneme conversion of foreign words in a German text-to-speech system", 2220-2223.

Nakagawa, Seiichi / Ohguro, Yoshihisa / Hashimoto, Yasuhide: "The syntax-oriented speech understanding system - SPOJUS-SYNO", 2224-2227.

Iida, Hitoshi / Kogure, Kiyoshi / Yoshimoto, Kei / Aizawa, Teruaki: "An experimental spoken natural dialogue translation system using a lexicon-driven grammar", 2228-2231.

Larsen, Lars Bo / Baekgaard, Anders / Bundgaard, Michael: "Constructing a large size lexicon for a continuous speech recognition system", 2232-2235.

Delomier, Dominique / Meunier, Andre / Morel, Mary-Annick: "Linguistic features of human-machine oral dialogue", 2236-2239.

Speech Analysis: Segmentation and Labelling

Tsopanoglou, A. / Mourjopoulos, J. / Kokkinakis, George: "Continuous speech phoneme segmentation method based on the instantaneous frequency", 2067-2070.

Mierlo, E. J. M. van / Blaauw, E. / Bloothooft, Gerrit: "Phoneme segmentation of speech, based on temporal decomposition using band filter spectra and phonetic rules", 2071-2074.

Moreno, Asunción / Armas, P. / Marino, Jose B. / Masgrau, E.: "Automatic segmentation of Spanish speech into syllables", 2075-2078.

Sorensen, Helge B. D. / Dalsgaard, Paul: "Multi-level segmentation of natural continuous speech using different auditory front-ends", 2079-2082.

Dours, C. / Calmes, M. de / Kabre, H. / Pecarte, J. M. / Perennou, Guy / Vigouroux, Nadine: "A multi-level automatic segmentation system: SAPHO and VERIPHONE", 2083-2086.

Perennou, Guy / Vigouroux, Nadine / Boe, Louis-Jean / Caelen-Haumont, Geneviève / Autesserre, Denis / Fohr, Dominique: "Comparison of temporal and frequential methods of speech data base labelling", 2087.

Erp, A. van / Houben, C. G. J. / Barry, William J. / Grice, Martine / Boe, Louis-Jean / Braun, G. / Cosi, Piero / Dyhr, N. / Perennou, Guy / Vigouroux, Nadine / Autesserre, Denis: "A unified approach to the labelling of speech: first multilingual results", 2088-2091.

Thompson, Henry S.: "Hill climbing to improve the performance of rule-based segmentation and labelling", 2092-2095.

Seidl, S. / Poirier, R.: "An approach for automatic determination of break points in the speech waveform", 2096-2099.

Datta, A. K.: "Manner-based labelling of speech signal using total energy profile", 2100-2103.

Houben, C. G. J.: "Automatic labelling of speech using an acoustic-phonetic knowledge base", 2104-2107.

Perceptual Aspects of Prosody and Voice Quality

Collier, René / Zitter, A. de / Terken, Jacques M. B.: "On the perceptual salience of melodical variations and its consequences for intonation synthesis", 2108-2111.

Gartenberg, R. D. / Hertrich, Ingo: "Speaker responses to F0 manipulations in partly controlled simulated dialogues", 2112.

Koopmans-van Beinum, Florien J. / Bergem, Dick R. van: "The role of 'given' and 'new in the production and perception of vowel contrasts in read text and in spontaneous speech", 2113-2116.

Potapova, Rodmonga: "Some aspects of intonation in modern standard Russian (analysis-synthesis-analysis)", 2117-2120.

Nushikyan, E.: "Analysis, synthesis and perception of emotional speech", 2121-2122.

Pascal, D. / Thill, C. / Boyer, M.: "Perceptive similarity of male voices: correlation with acoustic measures", 2123-2126.

Tielen, Mirjam T. J.: "Intelligibility of male and female voices under a few noise conditions", 2127-2130.

Shevchenko, T.: "What's in a voice: a system of regional and social acoustic characteristics based on the analysis of 100 british English voices", 2131-2134.

Cave, Christian / Benkirane, Thami: "A perceptual study of vowel-duration as a cue to word-boundaries in moroccan Arabic", 2135.

Grassegger, Hans: "Perceptual investigations on consonantal segments of a German text-to-speech system", 2136-2138.

Harmegnies, Bernard / Esling, John / Delplancq, Veronique: "Quantitative study of the effects of settings changes on the LTAS", 2139-2142.

Günzburger, Deborah / Vries, Marianne de: "How do minor acoustical cues affect male and female voice quality?", 2143-2145.

Speech Recognition: Miscellaneous

Pardo, José M. / Hasan, H.: "Large vocabulary speaker-independent isolated-word speech recognition using hidden Markov models: status report and planned research", 2146-2149.

Cerf-Danon, H. / Derouault, A.-M. / Elbeze, M. / Merialdo, B.: "Speech recognition in French with a very large dictionary", 2150-2153.

Ferretti, Marco / Scarci, Stefano: "Large-vocabulary speech recognition with speaker-adapted codebook and HMM parameters", 2154-2156.

Billi, Roberto / Arman, G. / Cericola, D. / Massia, G. / Mollo, M. J. / Tafini, F. / Varese, G. / Vittorelli, V.: "A pc-based very large vocabulary isolated word speech recognition system", 2157-2160.

Baker, Janet M.: "Dragondictate (TM)-30k: natural language speech recognition with 30,000 words", 2161-2163.

Sciarra, Donatella / Scagliola, Carlo: "Two-step recognition of large vocabulary isolated words based on diphone spotting", 2164-2167.

Boves, Louis: "A multi-lingual language model for large vocabulary speech recognition", 2168-2171.

Speech Recognition0: Recognition of Phonetic Units

Rouat, J. / Mori, Renato De / Adoul, J. P.: "Speaker and mother tongue independent analysis and recognition of some nasals, liquids and fricatives for integration in an automatic speech recognition system", 2240-2243.

Dalby, Jonathan / Crowe, Alan / Sutherland, Andrew M.: "Formantbased vowel classification in continuous speech", 2244-2247.

Diest, Marc Van / Compernolle, Dirk Van / Oosterlinck, Andre: "A rule based system for speech verification", 2248-2251.

Williams, B. / Hiller, S. M. / McInnes, Fergus R. / Dalby, Jonathan: "A knowledge-based nasal classifier for use in continuous speech recognition", 2252-2255.

Tattegrain, Helene / Caelen, Jean: "Phonetic unit localization in a multi-expert recognition system", 2256-2259.

Nishinuma, Yukihiro / Duez, Danielle / Paboudjian, Chantal: "Duration of consonant clusters in French: automatic detection rules", 2260-2263.

El-Sheikh, T. S. / El-Ghonemy, M. R. / Mansour, O. M.: "Toward a phoneme-based word recognition system", 2264-2267.

Djoudi, M. / Fohr, Dominique / Haton, Jean-Paul: "Phonetic study for automatic recognition of Arabic", 2268-2271.

Caraty, M. J. / Richard, J. C. / Rodet, Xavier: "Vowel recognition in a data base of continuous speech: experiments with local and global identification principles", 2272.

Glassman, Martin S. / Starkey, Mary Beth: "Minimal consonant pair discrimination for speech therapy using an expanded feature set and pattern element selection in time and frequency", 2273-2276.

Phonetics

Kobayashi, Tetsunori / Matsuda, Toshiyuki / Watanabe, Kazuhiro: "Contextual factor analysis of vowel distribution", 2277-2280.

Boe, Louis-Jean / Perrier, Pascal / Guérin, Bernard / Schwartz, Jean-Luc: "Maximal vowel space", 2281-2284.

Bergem, Dick R. van / Koopmans-van Beinum, Florien J.: "Vowel reduction in natural speech", 2285-2288.

Iivonen, Antti / Toivonen, Raima: "Simulation of the psycho-acoustical vowel space for linguistic applications", 2289-2292.

Gosy, Maria: "Identification of synthesized Hungarian vowels with two vs. five formants", 2293-2295.

Ganguli, N. R.: "Acoustic phonetic study of bengali nasals", 2296-2299.

Watson, Gordon S.: "APS: an environment for acoustic phonetic research", 2300-2303.

Chafcouloff, Michel / Marchal, Alain / Benkirane, Thami: "Coarticulatory patterns in stop sequences", 2304-2307.

Assessment: Speech Recognition

Fourcin, Adrian J.: "Progress overview for the SAM project", 2308.

Garofolo, John S. / Pallett, David S.: "Use of CD-ROM for speech database storage and exchange", 2309-2312.

Kingham, L. O.: "Criteria in the design of experiments for speech recognition performance assessment", 2313-2315.

Steeneken, Herman J. M. / Velden, Jeroen. G. van: "RAMOS - recognizer assessment by means of manipulation of speech", 2316-2319.

Crowe, D. P.: "Selection of voice codec for the aeronautical satellite service", 2320-2323.

Bourjot, C. / Boyer, A. / Fohr, D.: "Phonetic decoder assessment", 2457-2460.

McInnes, Fergus R. / Ariki, Y. / Wrench, Alan A.: "Enhancement and optimisation of a speech recognition front end based on hidden Markov models", 2461-2464.

Marcus, Jeffrey N.: "Significance tests for comparing speech recognizer performance using small test sets", 2465-2468.

Vernooij, G. J. / Bloothooft, Gerrit / Holsteijn, Y. van: "Simulation of isolated word recognition on the basis of a hierarchy of phonetic classes", 2469-2472.

Speech Analysis: Duration

Pitrelli, John F. / Zue, Victor W.: "A hierarchical model for phoneme duration in american English", 2324-2327.

Carlson, Rolf / Granström, Björn: "Modelling duration for different text materials", 2328-2332.

Farnetani, Edda: "Acoustic correlates of linguistic boundaries in Italian: a study on duration and fundamental frequency", 2332-2335.

Al-Anani, M.I.: "Durational differences between emphatic and non emphatic syllables", 2336-2339.

Speech Coding: LPC Parameters Evaluation

Zarkadis, D. J. / Evans, B. G.: "Coding of the LPC spectral parameters using vector predictive quantization", 2340-2343.

Wong, W. T. K. / Boyd, I.: "Optimal quantization performance of LPC parameters for speech coding", 2344-2347.

Hunt, Melvyn J. / Zwierzyriski, Dariusz A. / Can, Raymond C.: "Issues in high quality LPC analysis and synthesis", 2348-2351.

Omologo, Maurizio: "The computation and some spectral considerations on line spectrum pairs (LSP)", 2352-2355.

Liu, T. M. / Hoege, Harald: "Phonetically-based LPC vector quantization of high quality speech", 2356-2359.

Phonological Variants

Rao, G. V. Ramana / Prakash, M. / Yegnanarayana, B.: "Word boundary hypothesisation in hindi speech", 2360-2363.

Perennou, Guy / Calmes, M. De / Ferrane, I. / Tihoni, J.: "Automated phonotypical transcription through the GEPH phonology expert-system", 2364-2367.

Williams, B. / Thompson, H.: "Modelling phonological processes in continuous speech recognition", 2368-2371.

Cutler, Anne / Butterfield, Sally: "Natural speech cues to word segmentation under difficult listening conditions", 2372-2375.

Lacheret-Dujour, Anne: "Automatic generation of phonological variations", 2376-2379.

Speech Recognition: Algorithms and Models

Chen, Xixian / Cai, Changnian: "A continuous VQ clustering algorithm for realtime speech recognition", 2380-2383.

Bowles, R. L. / Damper, Robert I.: "Application of the dempster-shafer theory of evidence to improved-accuracy isolated-word recognition", 2384-2388.

Shillcock, R. C.: "Competitor effects in auditory word recognition: implications for interactive-activation models of word recognition", 2388-2391.

Maire, V. Le / Andre-Obrecht, Régine / Jouvet, D.: "An acoustic-phonetic decoder an automatic segmentation algorithm", 2392-2395.

Hamada, Hiroshi / Hirahara, Tatsuya / Imamura, Akihiro / Matsuoka, Tatsuo / Nakatsu, Ryohei: "Auditory-based filter-bank analysis as a front-end processor for speech recognition", 2396-2399.

Komatsu, Akio / Oohira, Eiji / Ichikawa, Akira: "Prosodical sentence structure inference for natural conversational speech understanding", 2400-2403.

Ye, H. / Caraty, M. J. / Boe, Louis-Jean / Tuffelli, D.: "Structural (phonetic) evaluation of dissimilarities functions used in speech recognition", 2404-2407.

Marino, Jose B. / Monte, Enric: "Generation of multiple hypothesis in connected phonetic-unit recognition by a modified one-stage dynamic programming algorithm", 2408-2411.

Speech Production

Castelli, Eric / Perrier, Pascal / Badin, Pierre: "Acoustic considerations upon the low nasal formant based on nasopharyngeal tract transfer function measurements", 2412-2415.

Delattre, C. / Jomaa, M. / Worley, C. / Abry, Christian: "The phasing of the jaw in consonant and vowel lengthening Arabic and French patterns", 2416-2419.

Recasens, Daniel: "Control mechanisms of tongue dorsum activity in speech production", 2420-2423.

El-Halees, Yousef: "A study of subglottal pressure for emphatic and non-emphatic sounds in Arabic", 2424.

Strik, Helmer / Boves, Louis: "The fundamental frequency - subglottal pressure ratio", 2425-2428.

Farnetani, Edda / Hardcastle, William / Marchal, Alain: "Cross-language investigation of lingual coarticulatory processes using EPQ", 2429-2432.

Autesserre, Denis / Nishinuma, Yukihiro / Guaitella, Isabelle: "Breathing, pausing, and speaking in dialogue", 2433-2436.

Autesserre, Denis / Galindo, Benoit / Teston, Bernard / Vigouroux, Nadine: "Movement of the lips and velum in speech: variations in aerodynamic parameters", 2437-2440.

Maeda, Shinji: "Compensatory articulation in speech: analysis of x-ray data with an articulatory model", 2441-2445.

Zerling, Jean-Pierre: "The three degrees of labialisation of the French steady-state vowels a study for 105 speakers", 2445-2448.

Barney, Anna M. / Shadle, Christine H. / Thomas, David W.: "An investigation of air flow through the larynx by computer and mechanical modelling", 2449-2452.

Caldognetto, E. Magno / Vagges, K. / Borghese, N. A. / Ferrigno, G.: "Automatic analysis of lips and jaw kinematics in VCV sequences", 2453-2456.

Speech Analysis: Voice Quality

Ferretti, Marco / Maltese, Giulio / Scarci, Stefano: "Measures of language model and acoustic model information in probabilistic speech recognition", 2473-2476.

Huber, Dieter: "Voice characteristics of female speech and their representation in computer speech synthesis and recognition", 2477-2480.

Schoentgen, Jean: "The spectral dynamics of a non-linear model of the glottal waveform", 2481-2484.

Howard, David M. / Welch, Graham F.: "Visual feedback applied to the learning of conscious pitch control in singing", 2485-2488.

Harmegnies, Bernard / Bruyninckx, Marielle / Llisteri, Joaquim / Poch, Dolors: "Effects of language change on voice quality. an experimental contribution to the study of the catalan-castilian case", 2489-2492.

Nord, Lennart / Hammarberg, Britta: "Analysis of laryngectomee speech - a progress report", 2493-2496.

Speech Coding: Techniques for Narrowband Coding

Trancoso, Isabel M. / Ribeiro, C. M.: "Adaptive and stochastic search procedures in CELP based coders", 2497-2500.

Lee, K. Y. / Evans, B. G.: "Combined optimization of excitation and filter parameters in analysis-by-synthesis coders", 2501-2504.

Masgrau-Gomez, E. / Rodriguez-Fonollosa, J. A. / Moreno-Bilbao, A.: "Including zeros in the backward adaptive predictor of AVPC coders", 2505-2508.

Marques, J. S. / Tribolet, Jose M. / Trancoso, Isabel M. / Almeida, Luis B.: "Pitch prediction with fractional delays in CELP coding", 2509-2512.

Speech Synthesis: Systems

Holmes, Wendy J.: "Copy synthesis of female speech using the JSRU parallel formant synthesiser", 2513-2516.

Barbe, S. / Carlson, Rolf / Cosi, Piero / Benedetto, Maria Gabriella Di / Granström, Björn / Vagges, K.: "A rule-based Italian text-to-speech system", 2517-2520.

Shi, Bo: "A Chinese text-to-speech system", 2521-2524.

Olaszy, Gabor: "MULTIVOX - a flexible text-to-speech system for Hungarian, Finnish, German, esperanto, Italian and other languages for IBM-PC", 2525-2528.

Language Processing: Human Factors, Psychology, and Human-Machine Dialogue

Romary, Laurent / Pierrel, Jean-Marie: "Should an oral dialogue system be modular?", 2569-2572.

Bard, Ellen G. / Lowe, A. J. / Altmann, G. T. M.: "The effect of repetition on words in recorded dictations", 2573-2576.

Luzzati, D.: "A dynamic dialog model for human machine communication", 2577-2580.

McQueen, James M.: "The use of lexical knowledge in phonetic categorisation", 2581-2584.

Miles, Christopher / Jones, Dylan M. / Simpson, Annette: "Human factors in speech synthesis: factors affecting friendliness and efficiency", 2585-2588.

Frankish, Clive R.: "Conversations with computers: problems of feedback and error correction", 2589-2592.

Kuijpers, C. Th. L.: "Strategies in developmental dialogue system", 2593-2596.

Hitzenberger, Ludwig / Kritzenberger, Huberta: "Simulation experiments and prototyping of user interfaces in a multimedial environment of an information system", 2597-2600.

Luzzati, D. / Neel, Francoise: "Dialogue behaviour induced by the machine", 2601-2604.

Robert, Jean-Marc / Fiset, Jean-Yves / Bergeron, Gilles: "Impact of five task-related factors on the choice of a vocal or a manual input modality", 2605-2608.

Speech Recognition: Knowledge-Based Phonetic Recognition Systems

Fohr, Dominique / Carbonell, Noelle / Haton, Jean-Paul: "Phonetic decoding of continuous speech with the APHODEX expert system", 2609-2613.

Altosaar, Toomas / Karjalainen, Matti: "A knowledge-based approach to unlimited vocabulary speech recognition for the Finnish language", 2613-2616.

Martelli, T.: "Modelling speech knowledges in a distributed complex object oriented architecture: REMORA", 2617-2620.

Blomberg, Mats: "Voice source adaptation of synthetic phoneme spectra in speech recognition", 2621-2624.

Meloni, Henri / Betari, A. / Gilles, P.: "A knowledge-based system for speaker-independent recognition of letters", 2625-2628.

Assessment: Speech Synthesis

Hall, M. C.: "Objective quality evaluation of parallel-formant synthesised speech", 2629-2632.

Benoît, Christian / Erp, A. van / Grice, Martine / Hazan, Valerie / Jekosch, Ute: "Multilingual synthesiser assessment using semantically unpredictable sentences", 2633-2636.

Pickering, J. Brian: "The effects of voice type and quality on the intelligibility of a text-to-speech system", 2637-2639.

Robert, Jean-Marc / Choiniere, Andre / Descout, Raymond: "Subjective evaluation of the naturalness and acceptability of three text-to-speech systems in French", 2640-2643.

Pavlovic, Chaslav V. / Rossi, Mario / Espesser, Robert: "Direct scaling of the performance of text-to-speech synthesis systems", 2644-2647.

Speech Analysis: Formants

Son, Rob J. J. H. van / Pols, Louis C. W.: "Comparing formant movements in fast and normal rate speech", 2665-2668.

Laprie, Yves: "Formant tracking adapted to acoustic-phonetic decoding", 2669-2672.

Lin, Qiguang / Fant, Gunnar: "Vocal-tract area-function parameters from formant frequencies", 2673-2676.

Fink, F. K. / Dalsgaard, Paul: "Estimation of formants in noise corrupted speech using auditory models", 2677-2680.

Grenie, M. / Negro, A.-S. Del: "Acoustic-phonetic analysis of speech produced under noise and various auditory feedback", 2681.

Perception: Syllable and Timing

Hawkins, Sarah: "Reconciling trading relations and acoustic invariance", 2682-2685.

McAllister, J. M.: "The processing of stressed syllables in connected speech", 2686-2689.

Nord, Lennart / Kruckenberg, Anita / Fant, Gunnar: "Some timing studies of prose, poetry and music", 2690-2693.

Nishinuma, Yukihiro / Duez, Danielle: "Perceptual optimization of syllable duration in short French sentences", 2694-2697.

Campbell, W. Nick: "Syllable-level duration determination", 2698-2701.

Applications: Aids to the Handicapped

Piroth, Hans Georg / Arnhold, Thomas: "Psychophysiological measurements during tactile speech identification and discrimination tests", 2702-2705.

Summers, Ian R. / Farr, Judith: "Development of a single-channel tactile aid for the profoundly deaf", 2706-2709.

Cottle, M. / Gaunt, C. / Stephens, R. M.: "The use of speech recognition as an aid for speech therapists", 2710-2714.

Öster, Anne-Marie: "Applications and experiences of computer-based speech training", 2714-2717.

Faulkner, Andrew / Fourcin, Adrian J.: "Speech-pattern presentation to the deaf: speech perception and production", 2718-2721.