Table of Contents and Access to Abstracts

Plenary

Furui, Sadaoki: "Recent advances in speech recognition", 3-12.

Fallside, Frank: "On the acquisition of speech by machines, ASM", 13-14.

Continuous Speech Recognition

Ramesh, P. / Wilpon, Jay G. / McGee, M. A. / Roe, David B. / Lee, Chin-Hui / Rabiner, Lawrence R.: "Speaker independent recognition of spontaneously spoken connected digits", 17-20.

Gopalakrishnan, P. S. / Nahamoo, David: "Immediate recognition of embedded command words", 21-24.

Wilcox, Lynn D. / Bush, Marcia A.: "HMM-based wordspotting for voice editing and indexing", 25-28.

Baker, Janet M.: "Large vocabulary speaker-adaptive continuous speech recognition research overview at dragon systems", 29-32.

Sgardoni, Victoria / Gaganelis, Dimitrios A. / Frangoulis, Eleftherios D.: "Continuous density HMM context dependent phones for speech recognition over the telephone", 33-36.

Segmental Speech Synthesis

Shirai, Katsuhiko / Hashimoto, K. / Kobayashi, T.: "Text-to-speech synthesizer using superposition of sinusoidal waves generated by synchronized oscillators", 39-42.

Guerti, M. / Bailly, G.: "Synthesis-by-rule using compost: modelling resonance trajectories", 43-46.

Ishikawa, Yasushi / Nakajima, Kunio: "Neural network based spectral interpolation method for speech synthesis by rule", 47-50.

Garnier-Rizet, Marine: "A rule-based segmental synthesis module for French", 51-54.

Human Factors

Fraser, Norman M. / Gilbert, G. Nigel: "Effects of system voice quality on user utterances in speech dialogue systems", 57-60.

Day, P. / Grünupp, A. / Muthig, K.-P.: "A human factors study of speech-to-text technology: consequences of discrete speech", 61-64.

Murray, Iain R. / Arnott, John L. / Newell, Alan E.: "A comparison of document composition using a listening typewriter and conventional office systems", 65-68.

Vossen, Paulus H.: "Evaluating speech input and output in a CAD-system using the hidden-operator method", 69-72.

Zajicek, M. / Hewitt, J.: "Mixed mode input for a standard wordprocessor. investigating links between input mode, speech and keyboard, and specific task areas", 73-76.

Robust Isolated Word Recognition

Lockwood, P. / Boudy, J.: "Experiments with a non-linear spectral subtractor (NSS), hidden Markov models and the projection, for robust speech recognition in cars", 79-82.

Lockwood, P. / Baillargeat, C. / Gillot, J. M. / Boudy, J. / Faucon, G.: "Noise reduction for speech enhancement in cars: non-linear spectral subtraction / kalman filtering", 83-86.

Fellbaum, Klaus / Becker, Dieter: "Isolated word recognition with integrated noise reduction", 87-90.

Hernando, Javier / Nadeu, Climent: "A comparative study of parameters and distances for noisy speech recognition", 91-94.

Neural Nets: Phonetic Features, Phoneme Recognition, and Time Alignment

Laaksonen, Jorma T.: "A new reliability-based phoneme segmentation method for the "neural" phonetic typewriter", 97-100.

Apolloni, Bruno / Pazienti, Francesco / Trotta, Vincenzo: "Isolated word adaptive recognizer based on neural networks", 101-104.

Hataoka, Nobuo / Waibel, Alex H.: "Evaluation of speaker-independent phoneme recognition on TIMIT database using TDNNs", 105-108.

Morgan, Nelson / Bourlard, Hervé / Wooters, C. / Kohn, Phil / Cohen, M.: "Phonetic context in hybrid HMM/MLP continuous speech recognition", 109-112.

Andrews, E. C. / Mason, J. S.: "Neural network classification of complex-valued speech features", 113-116.

Norris, Dennis: "Rewiring lexical networks on the fly", 117-120.

Elenius, K. / Takacs, G.: "Phoneme recognition with an artificial neural network", 121-124.

Jianxin, Jiang / Kechu, Yi / Zheng, Hu: "A new self-organization algorithm of forming a phoneme map", 125-128.

Ran, Shuping / Millar, J. Bruce: "Phoneme classification using neural networks based on acoustic-phonetic structure", 129-132.

Dodd, Nigel / Macfarlane, Donald / Marland, Chris: "Networks for speech recognition structurally optimised by genetic techniques implemented on parallel hardware", 133-136.

Phonetics I, II

Pittam, J. / Ingram, J.: "Influence of vietnamese tone and prosody on the acquisition of English stress patterns", 139-142.

Sendlmeier, Walter F.: "The voiced/unvoiced distinction of initial stops by normal and hearing impaired listeners", 143-146.

Nathan, Krishna S.: "Comparison of formant transition based stop classifiers: time-varying and time-invariant signal models", 147-150.

Benoît, Christian / Abry, Christian / Roe, L. J.: "The effect of context on labiality in French", 151-156.

Datta, A. K. / Ganguli, N. R. / Mukherjee, B.: "Nasalisation in bengali speech sounds acoustic-phonetic study", 157-160.

Ganguli, N. R.: "Vowel formant frequency distribution of a major indian language", 161-164.

Harmegnies, Bernard / Bruyninckx, M. / Llisterri, Joaquim / Poch, Dolors: "Effects of language change on voice quality in bilingual speakers, corpus content effect", 165-168.

Shevchenko, T. I. / Skopintseva, T. S.: "Effects of social and regional backgrounds on LTAS in british English", 169-172.

Heuvel, Henk van den / Cranen, Bert / Rietveld, Toni: "Speaker related variability in the durations of dutch speech segments", 251-254.

Liljencrants, Johan: "Numerical simulations of glottal flow", 255-258.

Jansen, Joop / Cranen, Bert / Boves, Louis: "Modelling of source characteristics of speech sounds by means of the LF-model", 259-262.

Herzel, H. / Wendler, J.: "Evidence of chaos in phonatory samples", 263-266.

Van, L. Trinh / Guérin, Bernard / Castelli, E.: "Source-tract coupling and the subglottal system in an articulatory synthesizer", 267-270.

Multilingual Speech Recognition Systems (Special Session)

Bamberg, Paul / Demedts, Anne / Elder, John / Huang, Caroline / Ingold, Charles / Mandel, Mark / Manganaro, Linda / Even, Stijn van: "Phoneme-based training for large-vocabulary recognition in six european languages", 175-182.

Cerf-Danon, Helene / DeGennaro, Steven / Ferretti, Marco / Gonzalez, Jorge / Keppel, Eric: "1. 0 TANGORA - a large vocabulary speech recognition system for five languages", 183-192.

Ney, Hermann / Billi, Roberto: "Prototype systems for large-vocabulary speech recognition: polyglot and spicos", 193-200.

Spoken Language Parsing

Wright, J. H.: "Adaptation of grammar-based language models for continuous speech recognition", 203-206.

Su, Keh-Yih / Chiang, Tung-Hui / Lin, Yi-Chung: "A robustness and discrimination oriented score function for integrating speech and language processing", 207-210.

Baggia, Paolo / Fissore, Lorenzo / Gerbino, E. / Giachin, Egidio P. / Rullent, C.: "Improving speech understanding performance through feedback verification", 211-214.

Corazza, A. / Mori, Renato De / Gretter, R. / Satta, G.: "Computation of upper-bounds for island-driven stochastic parsers", 215-218.

Andry, Francois / Thornton, Simon: "A parser for speech lattices using a UCG grammar", 219-222.

Young, Sheryl / Matessa, Michael: "Using pragmatic and semantic knowledge to correct parsing of spoken language utterances", 223-227.

Speech Coding I-IV

Abrantes, A. J. / Marques, J. S. / Trancoso, Isabel M.: "Hybrid sinusoidal modeling of speech without voicing decision", 231-234.

Marques, J. S. / Trancoso, Isabel M. / Abrantes, A. J.: "Harmonic coding of speech: an experimental study", 235-238.

Rowe, David / Cowley, William / Perkis, Andrew: "A multiband excitation linear predictive speech coder", 239-242.

Leung, S. H. / Lai, K. L. / Wong, O. Y. / Luk, A.: "A new coded excitation model using multifrequency decomposition", 245-248.

Sereno, Daniele: "Frame substitution and adaptive post-filtering in speech coding", 595-598.

Atungsiri, S. A. / Soheili, R. / Kondoz, A. M. / Evans, B. G.: "Effective lost speech frame reconstruction for CELP coders", 599-602.

Nagabuchi, Hiromi / Kitawaki, Nobuhiko: "Evaluation and improvement of coded speech quality degraded by cell loss in ATM networks", 603-606.

Vigier, Alain J.: "Combined source-channel coding for a very noisy channed", 607-610.

Rosina, G. / Agostino, M. Sant' / Turco, E. / Vetrano, L.: "Testing and quality enhancement of the GSM full rate voice channel", 611-614.

Kipper, U. / Reininger, Herbert / Wolf, Dietrich: "Low bit rate speech coding using CELP with adaptive excitation codebook", 893-896.

Fuldseth, A. / Harborg, E. / Johansen, F. T. / Knudsen, J. E.: "A real-time implementable 7 khz speech coder at 16 kbit/s", 897-900.

Zarkadis, D. J.: "Adaptive spectral weighting for vector predictive coding of the LPC-spectra", 901-904.

Saoudi, Samir / Boucher, J. Marc / Guyader, Alain Le: "Medium band speech coding using optimal scalar quantization of LSP", 905-908.

Seeker, Philip / Perkis, Andrew: "Joint source and channel coding of line spectrum pairs", 909-912.

Chan, C. F. / Law, K. W.: "An algorithm for computing LSP frequencies directly from the reflection coefficients", 913-916.

Meyer, Peter / Peters, W. / Paulus, J.: "Variable rate speech coding using perceptive thresholds and adaptive VUS detection", 809-812.

Suddle, M. R. / Atungsiri, S. A. / Kondoz, A. M. / Evans, B. G.: "A secure and robust CELP coder for land and satellite mobile systems", 813-816.

Ribeiro, C. M. / Trancoso, Isabel M.: "A 4. 8 kbps celp coder with post-processing", 817-820.

Law, K. W. / Wong, O. Y. / Chan, C. F.: "A real-time high quality joint-excitation linear predictive coder at 8 kbps", 821-824.

Deiacovo, Rosario Drogo / Montagna, Roberto: "Some experiments in perceptual masking of quantizing noise in analysis-by-synthesis speech coders", 825-828.

Yang, Gao / Leich, Kenri / Boite, René: "A very high-quality CELP coder at the rate of 2400 bps", 829-832.

Liu, Z. Yong: "An effective pulse adaptive code-excited linear predictive coder at 4kb/S", 835-838.

Chan, C. F. / Leung, S. H.: "A vocoder using high-order LPC filter with very few non-zero coefficients", 839-842.

Assessment, Intelligibility and Aids for Disabled

Rossi, Mario / Espesser, Robert / Pavlovic, Chaslav: "The effects of in internal reference system and cross-modality matching on the subjective rating of speech synthesisers", 273-276.

Sydeserff, H. A. / Caley, R. J. / Isard, Stephen D. / Jack, Mervyn A. / Monaghan, Alex I. C. / Verhoeven, J.: "Evaluation of speech synthesis techniques in a comprehension task", 277-280.

Howard-Jones, P. A.: "'SOAP' - a speech output assessment package for controlled multilingual evaluation of synthetic speech", 281-284.

Houtgast, Tammo / Verhave, Jan A.: "A physical approach to speech quality assessment: correlation patterns in the speech spectrogram", 285-288.

Miyata, H. / Houtgast, Tammo: "Weighted MTF for predicting speech intelligibility in reverberant sound fields", 289-292.

Jekosch, Ute: "Speech intelligibility studies for the european hermes spaceplane", 293-296.

Wei, Jianing / Faulkner, Andrew / Fourcin, Adrian: "An application of speech processing and encoding scheme for Chinese lexical tone and consonant perception by hearing impaired listeners", 299-302.

Kanevsky, D. / Gopalakrishan, P. / Danis, C. / Daggett, G. / Epstein, E. / Nahamoo, David: "On the development of a phone communication aid for the hearing impaired", 303-306.

Anglade, Yolande / Pierrel, Jean-Marie / Junqua, Jean-Claude: "A spoken language interface for a telephone switchboard operator center", 307-310.

Murray, Iain R. / Arnott, John L. / Alm, Norman / Newell, Alan F.: "A communication system for the disabled with emotional synthetic speech produced by rule", 311-314.

Speech Synthesis: Techniques and Applications

Portele, Thomas / Steffan, Birgit / Preuß, Rainer / Hess, Wolfgang: "German speech synthesis by concatenation of non-parametric units", 317-320.

Abbattista, Giuseppe / Riccio, Antonello / Mumolo, Enzo: "Automatic document reader with speech output capabilities", 321-324.

King, R. W.: "Tools and processes for developing low-cost and high-quality text-to-speech synthesis for communication aids", 325-329.

Hermansky, Hynek / Anthony Cox Jr., Louis: "Perceptual linear predictive (PLP) analysis-resynthesis technique", 329-332.

Greisbach, Reinhold / Kröger, Bernd J. / Esser, O. / Plaßmann, G.: "A display technique for measurements of natural and synthetic articulatory dynamics", 333-336.

Chang, Yueh-Chin / Lee, Yi-Fan / Shia, Bang-Er / Wang, Hsiao-Chuan: "Statistical models for the Chinese text-to-speech system", 337-340.

Taylor, P. A. / Nairn, I. A. / Sutherland, A. M. / Jack, Mervyn A.: "A realtime speech synthesis system", 341-344.

Valbret, H. / Moulines, E. / Tubach, Jean-Pierre: "Voice tranformation using PSOLA technique", 345-348.

Giustiniani, M. / Pierucci, Piero: "Phonetic ergodic HMM for speech synthesis", 349-352.

Delogu, C. / Paoloni, P. / Pocci, P. / Sementina, C.: "Quality evaluation of text-to-speech synthesizers using magnitude estimation, categorical estimation, pair comparison and reaction time methods", 353-356.

Zingte, H. / Hennebois, Cl.: "Helping young children to associate sounds and letters through speech synthesis", 357-360.

Bourlard, Herve: "Neural nets and hidden Markov models: review and generalizations", 363-369.

Jayant, N. S. / Johnston, J. D. / Shoham, Y.: "Coding of wideband speech", 373-379.

Probabilistic Language Models for Speech Recognition

Pieraccini, Roberto / Levin, Esther: "Stochastic representation of semantic structure for speech understanding", 383-386.

Matheson, Colin / McInnes, Fergus R.: "Incorporating probabilities into the dualgram language model", 387-390.

Giachin, Egidio P.: "A dynamic programming based framework for stochastic spoken language understanding", 391-394.

Prieto, Natividad / Vidal, Enrique: "Learning language models through the ECGI method", 395-398.

Cremonini, R. / Ferretti, M. / Galimberti, M. C. / Maltese, Giulio / Mancini, Federico: "Using a generative grammar to train a probabilistic language model for speaker-independent speech recognition", 399-402.

Speech Recognition and Phonetic Modelling

Shirai, Katsuhiko / Kitagawa, E. / Endo, T.: "Optimal construction of context sensitive quantizer for phoneme recognition in continuous speech", 405-408.

O'Kane, M. / Kenne, P. / Landy, D. / Atkins, S.: "Generalising from single-speaker recognition in a feature-based recogniser", 409-412.

Hirsch, H. G. / Meyer, Peter / Ruehl, Hans-Wilhelm: "Improved speech recognition using high-pass filtering of subband envelopes", 413-416.

Gong, Yifan / Haton, Jean-Paul: "Comparing two phoneme identification methods using a continuous speech recognizer", 417-420.

Ederveen, D. / Boves, Louis: "Knowledge-based phoneme recognition", 421-424.

Speaker Identification and Verification

Kraayeveld, J. / Rietveld, A. C. M. / Heuven, V. J. van: "Speaker characterization in dutch using prosodic parameters", 427-430.

Hunt, Alan K.: "New commercial applications of telephone-network-based speech recognition and speaker verification", 431-434.

Bonastre, Jean-Francois / Meloni, Henri / Langlais, Philippe: "Analytical strategy for speaker identification", 435-438.

Xu, L. / Mason, J. S.: "Optimization of perceptually-based spectral transforms in speaker identification", 439-442.

Pitch Determination and Voice Separation

Cheveigne, Alain de: "A mixed speech F0 estimation algorithm", 445-448.

Jones, Edward / Ambikairajah, Eliathamby: "A perceptually-based pitch extractor for band-limited speech", 449-452.

Gu, Yu Hua: "A robust pseudo perceptual pitch estimator", 453-456.

Degan, N. Dal / Fratti, M.: "Pitch estimation based on a "narrowed" autocorrelation function", 457-460.

Speech Recognition: Understanding Systems

Nakagawa, Seiichi / Hirata, Yoshimitsu / Murase, Isao: "The syntax-oriented spoken Japanese understanding system SPOJOS-SYNO II", 463-466.

Bergmann, H. / Hamer, H.-H. / Noll, A. / Paeseler, A. / Tomaschewski, H.: "An adaptable man-machine interface using connected-word recognition", 467-470.

Poza, M. J. / Torre, C. de la / Tapias, D. / Villarrubia, L.: "An approach to automatic recognition of keywords in unconstrained speech using parametric models", 471-474.

Hetherington, I. Lee / Leung, Hong C. / Zue, Victor W.: "Toward vocabulary-independent recognition of telephone speech", 475-478.

Cole, Ronald / Roginski, Krist / Fanty, Mark: "English alphabet recognition with telephone speech", 479-482.

Fiset, J.-Y. / Robert, J.-M. / Descout, Raymond: "Evolutionary language models in air traffic control training", 483-486.

Jones, G. J. F. / Wright, J. H. / Wrigley, E. N. / Carey, M. J. / Parris, Eluned S.: "Isolated-word sentence recognition using probabilistic context-free grammar", 487-489.

Hood, Mitchell: "Lexical access in a speech understanding and dialogue system", 490-493.

Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold / Ney, Hermann: "A look-ahead search technique for large vocabulary continuous speech recognition", 495-498.

Teixeira, Carlos J. / Trancoso, Isabel M.: "Spectral subtraction for front-end noise reduction in a speech recognizer", 499-502.

Speech Databases, Analysis And Assessment

Larnel, Lori F. / Gauvain, Jean-Luc / Eskenazi, Maxine: "BREF, a large vocabulary spoken corpus for French", 505-508.

Mathan, Luc / Morin, Dominique: "Speech field databases: development and analysis", 509-512.

Itahashi, Shuichi: "Large scale Japanese dialect speech corpora", 513-516.

Vossen, Paulus H.: "Outline of a design-oriented evaluation framework for speech-driven applications", 517-520.

Winski, Richard / Kordi, Kamran: "Assessment of continuous speech recognisers using recogniser sensitivity analysis", 521-524.

Bourjot, C. / Boyer, A. / Fohr, D.: "A tool for assessment of acoustic phonetic lattices", 525-528.

Steeneken, Herman J. M. / Velden, Jeroen G. van: "Ramos - recognizer assessment by means of manipulation of speech applied to connected speech recognition", 529-532.

Alphen, Paul van / Pols, Louis C. W.: "Comparing various feature vectors in automatic speech recognition", 533-536.

Zue, Victor W. / Glass, James / Goodine, David / Hirschman, Lynette / Leung, Hong C. / Phillips, Michael / Polifroni, Joseph / Seneff, Stephanie: "The MIT ATIS system; preliminary development, spontaneous speech data collection, and performance evaluation", 537-540.

Benaouicha, S. / Rajouani, A. / Zyoute, M.: "Construction of an Arabic speech data base - duration model of Arabic vowels", 541-544.

Denbigh, P. N. / Zhao, J.: "Pitch extraction and separation of overlapping speech", 545-548.

Neural Nets I, II

Bengio, Yoshua / Mori, Renato De / Flammia, Giovanni / Kompe, Half: "Phonetically motivated acoustic parameters for continuous speech recognition using artificial neural networks", 551-554.

Carey, Michael J. / Parris, Eluned S.: "Adapting input transformations using alpha-nets for whole word speech recognition", 555-558.

Niles, Les T.: "TIMIT phoneme recognition using an HMM-derived recurrent neural network", 559-562.

Husoy, P. O. / Svendsen, T.: "ANN-based speech recognition using a preprocessor for non-linear time compression", 563-566.

Sorensen, Helge B. D. / Hartmann, Uwe: "A self-structuring neural noise reduction model", 567-570.

Petek, Bojan / Waibel, Alex H. / Tebelskis, Joseph M.: "Integrated phoneme-function word architecture of hidden control neural networks for continuous speech recognition", 1407-1410.

Zhang, X. / Mason, J. S. / Andrews, E. C.: "Multiple dynamic features to enhance neural net based speaker verification", 1411-1414.

Haffner, Patrick / Waibel, Alex H.: "Time-delay neural networks embedding time alignment: a performance analysis", 1415-1418.

Fukuda, Yohji / Matsumoto, Haruya: "Phoneme recognition using recurrent neural networks", 1419-1423.

Komori, Yasuhiro / Hatazaki, Kaichiro: "An integration of knowledge and neural networks toward a phoneme typewriter without a language model", 1423-1426.

Parsing and Lexical Access

Hosaka, Junko / Takezawa, Toshiyuki / Ehara, Terumasa: "Utilizing empirical data for postposition classification toward spoken Japanese speech recognition", 573-576.

Phillips, Michael / Glass, James / Zue, Victor W.: "Automatic learning of lexical representations for sub-word unit based speech recognition systems", 577-580.

Lacouture, Roxane / Mori, Renato De: "Lexical tree compression", 581-584.

Riley, Michael D. / Ljolje, Andrej: "Lexical access with a statistically-derived phonetic network", 585-588.

Antoniol, G. / Brugnara, F. / Giuliani, D.: "Admissible strategies for acoustic matching with a large vocabulary", 589-592.

Modelling Duration in Speech

Macarron, Alejandro / Escalada, Gregorio / Rodriguez, Miguel Angel: "Generation of duration rules for a Spanish text-to-speech synthesizer", 617-620.

Mortamet, L.: "Implementing duration expert rules into a text-to-speech synthesis system", 621-624.

Kaiki, Nobuyoshi / Mimura, Katsuhiko / Sagisaka, Yoshinori: "Statistical modeling of segmental duration and power control for Japanese", 625-628.

Campbell, W. Nick: "Phrase-level factors affecting timing in speech", 629-632.

Karjalainen, Matti / Altosaar, Toomas: "Phoneme duration rules for speech synthesis by neural networks", 633-636.

Automatic Speech Recognition: Algorithms I-III

McInnes, Fergus R.: "Context-sensitive phoneme lattice generation using interpolated demi-diphone and triphone models", 639-642.

Song, J. M. / Thomas, T. / Patel, M.: "Experiments of 991-word speaker independent continuous speech recognition on DARPA RM task", 643-646.

Meloni, Henri / Bechet, F. / Gilles, P.: "Bottom-up acoustic-phonetic decoding for the selection of word cohorts from a large vocabulary", 647-650.

Peinado, Antonio M. / Roman, Ramon / Segura, Jose C. / Rubio, Antonio J. / Garcia, Pedro / Diaz, Jesus E.: "Entropic training for HMM speech recognition", 651-654.

Kenny, P. / Parthasarathy, S. / Gupta, V. N. / Lennig, Matthew / Mermelstein, Paul / O'Shaughnessy, Douglas: "Energy, duration and Markov models", 655-658.

Nijtmans, J. J.: "A new recursive Markov model with a new state pruning approach for large vocabulary continuous speech recognition", 659-663.

McInnes, Fergus R.: "Context-sensitive phoneme lattice generation using interpolated demi-diphone and triphone models", 663-666.

Nowell, Peter / Thompson, Henry S.: "An efficient implementation of the n-best algorithm for lexical access", 667-670.

Falaschi, Alessandro / Pucci, Massimo: "Automatic derivation of HMM alternative pronunciation network topologies", 671-674.

Galiano, Isabel / Casacuberta, Francisco / Sanchis, Emilio: "On the structure of subword units for a speaker independent continuous speech task", 675-678.

Zhao, Yunxin / Wakita, Hisashi / Zhuang, Xinhua: "Generate word transcription dictionary from sentence utterances and evaluate its effect on speaker-independent continuous speech recognition", 679-682.

Varga, A. P. / Moore, Roger K.: "Simultaneous recognition of concurrent speech signals using hidden Markov model decomposition", 1175-1178.

Ballantyne, I. A. / Sutherland, A. M. / Hannah, J. M. / Jack, Mervyn A.: "A large vocabulary parallel processing continuous speech recognition system", 1179-1182.

Rose, Richard C. / Hofstetter, Edward M.: "Techniques for robust word spotting in continuous speech messages", 1183-1186.

Falaschi, Alessandro / Micozzi, Alfredo: "Word spotting by CSR through vector quantized background models", 1187-1190.

Junqua, Jean-Claude / Wakita, Hisashi: "Towards an artificial laboratory for the design and simulation of cooperative speech processing algorithms", 1191-1194.

Edwards, K. / McInnes, Fergus R. / Jack, Mervyn A.: "Accent specific modifications for continuous speech recognition based on a sub-word lattice approach", 1195-1198.

Lleida, Eduardo / Marino, Jose B. / Nadeu, Climent / Oliveras, Albert: "Two level continuous speech recognition using demisyllable-based HMM word spotting", 1199-1202.

Applebaum, Ted H. / Hanson, Brian A.: "Tradeoffs in the design of regression features for word recognition", 1203-1206.

Bahl, Lalit R. / Brown, Peter F. / Souza, Peter V. de / Mercer, Robert L. / Nahamoo, David: "A fast algorithm for deleted interpolation", 1209-1212.

Franzini, Michael A. / Waibel, Alex H. / Lee, Kai-Fu: "Recent work in continuous speech recognition using the connectionist viterbi training procedure", 1213-1216.

Steinbiss, Volker: "A search organization for large-vocabulary recognition based on n-best decoding", 1217-1220.

Gong, Yifan / Haton, Jean-Paul: "VINICS: a continuous speech recognizer based on a new robust formulation", 1221-1224.

Sagayama, Shigeki: "A matrix representation of HMM-based speech recognition algorithms", 1225-1228.

Segmentation

Dalsgaard, Paul / Andersen, Ove / Barry, William: "Multi-lingual acoustic-phonetic features for a number of european languages", 685-688.

Kabre, H. / Pérénnou, Guy / Vigouroux, Nadine: "A non-linear filtering method applied to automatic segmentation of multilingual speech corpora", 689-692.

Cosi, Piero / Falavigna, Daniele / Omologo, Maurizio: "A preliminary statistical evaluation of manual and automatic segmentation discrepancies", 693-696.

McQueen, J. M. / Briscoe, E. J.: "A computational tool for examining lexical segmentation in continuous speech", 697-700.

Schmidt, M. S. / Watson, G. S.: "The evaluation and optimization of automatic speech segmentation", 701-704.

Feng, G. / Achab, N. / Combescure, R.: "On-line speech segmentation using adaptive models: application to variable rate speech coding", 705-708.

Taylor, P. A. / Isard, Stephen D.: "Automatic diphone segmentation", 709-711.

Ottesen, Georg E.: "An automatic diphone segmentation system", 713-716.

Brierton, R. A. / Cheetham, B. M. G.: "An evaluation oof spectral transitivity functions for speech segmentation in variable frame-rate speech vocoding", 717-720.

Automatic Speech Recognition: Applications

Compernolle, Dirk Van / Smolders, J. / Jaspers, P. / Hellemans, T.: "Speaker clustering for dialectic robustness in speaker independent recognition", 723-726.

Yashchin, Dina / Ortel, William C. G.: "Experience with speech recognition in automating telephone operator functions", 727-730.

Canavesio, F. / Fissore, Lorenzo / Oreglia, M. / Ruscitti, P.: "HMM modeling in the public telephone network environment: experiments and results", 731-734.

Morin, Dominique: "Influence of field data in HMM training for a vocal server", 735-738.

Ciaramella, A. / Fissore, Lorenzo / Pacchiotti, A. / Pacifici, R.: "An isolated word speech recognizer prototype for mobile-radio applications", 739-742.

Natural Language Processing

Monaghan, James / Cheepen, Christine: "Linguistic modelling for a speech interface in the office context", 745-748.

Carlo, Andrea Di / Falcone, Rino: "Ill-formedness problem in the spoken language processing", 749-752.

Maltese, Giulio / Mancini, Federico: "A technique to automatically assign parts-of-speech to words taking into account word-ending information through a probabilistic model", 753-756.

Pelillo, Marcello / Refice, Mario: "Syntactic category disambiguation through relaxation processes", 757-760.

Wrigley, E. N. / Wright, J. H.: "Computational requirements of probabilistic LR parsing for speech recognition using a natural language grammar", 761-764.

Symbolic Processing in Speech Synthesis

Tiboni, J. / Perennon, G.: "Phonotypical transcription through the GEPH expert system", 767-770.

Williams, Briony / Maier, Franziska: "A spelling corrector for use in text-to-speech synthesis for English", 771-774.

Russi, Thomas: "Robust and efficient parsing for applications such as text-to-speech conversion", 775-778.

Luk, Robert W. P. / Damper, Robert I.: "Stochastic transduction for English text-to-phoneme conversion", 779-782.

Sub-Lexical Unit Modelling

Hwang, M. Y. / Huang, X. D.: "Acoustic distribution clustering in phonetic hidden Markov models", 785-788.

Blomberg, M.: "Modelling articulatory inter-timing variation in a speech recognition system based on synthetic references", 789-792.

Torkkola, Kari / Kokkonen, Mikko / Kurimo, Mikko / Utela, Pekka: "Improving short-time speech frame recognition results by using context", 793-796.

Rentzepopoulos, P. A. / Kokkinakis, George K.: "Phoneme to grapheme conversion using HMM", 797-800.

Parfitt, S. H. / Sharman, R. A.: "A bi-directional model of English pronunciation", 801-804.

Speech Understanding and Dialogue

Goodine, David / Seneff, Stephanie / Hirschman, Lynette / Phillips, Michael: "Full integration of speech and language understanding in the MIT spoken language system", 845-848.

Yamaoka, Takayuki / Iida, Hitoshi: "Dialogue interpretation model and its application to next utterance prediction for spoken language processing", 849-852.

Boogers, W.: "Dialogue construction by compilation", 853-856.

Nogaito, Izuru / Takahashi, Masahiko / Kuroiwa, Shingo / Yato, Fumihiro: "Dialogue management in an extension number guidance system", 857-860.

Segarra, Encarna / Garcia, Pedro: "Automatic learning of acoustic and syntactic-semantic levels in continuous speech understanding", 861-864.

Baggia, Paolo / Ciaramella, A. / Clementino, D. / Fissore, Lorenzo / Gerbino, E. / Giachin, Egidio P. / Micca, G. / Nebbia, L. / Pacifici, R. / Pirani, G. / Rullent, C.: "A man-machine dialogue system for speech access to e-mail information using the telephone: implementation and first results", 865-868.

Assessment

Bezooijen, Renee van / Pols, Louis C. W.: "Performance of text-to-speech conversion for dutch: a comparative evaluation of allophone and diphone based synthesis at the level of the segment, the word, and the paragraph", 871-874.

Benoît, Christian / Emerard, Francoise / Schnabel, Betina / Tseva, A.: "Quality comparisons of prosodic and of acoustic components of various synthesisers", 875-878.

Griee, Martine / Vagges, Kiki / Hirst, Daniel: "Assessment of intonation in text-to-speech synthesis systems - a pilot test in English and Italian", 879-882.

Monaghan, Alex I. C.: "Evaluation of the naturalness of prosody generated by the CSTR TTS system", 883-886.

Halka, Ulrich: "Speech-model processes for objective quality measurements of speech-coding systems", 887-890.

Speech Recognition: Stochastic Modelling

Euler, S.: "Adaptation techniques in tied density hidden Markov models", 919-922.

Jouvet, D. / Bartkova, K. / Monné, Jean: "On the modelization of allophones in an HMM based speech recognition system", 923-926.

Jouvet, D. / Mauuary, L. / Monné, Jean: "Automatic adjustments of the structure of Markov models for speech recognition applications", 927-930.

Leung, Hong C. / Hetherington, I. Lee / Zue, Victor W.: "Speech recognition using stochastic explicit-segment modeling", 931-934.

Dubois, D.: "Comparison of time-dependent acoustic features for a speaker-independent speech recognition system", 935-938.

Gauvain, Jean-Luc / Lee, Chin-Hui: "Bayesian learning for hidden Markov model with Gaussian mixture state observation densities", 939-942.

Speech Interfaces: Systems and Applications

Ruehl, Hans-Wilhelm: "Voice controlled mail ordering via telephone using SPREIN", 945-948.

Dobler, Stefan / Armbruester, Werner / Meyer, Peter / Ruehl, Hans-Wilhelm: "A voice dialling device for mobile radio", 949-952.

Smaili, K. / Charpillet, F. / Pierrel, Jean-Marie / Haton, Jean-Paul: "A continuous speech recognition approach for the design of a dictation machine", 953-956.

Thomson, David L. / Wilpon, Jay G. / Sukkar, Rafid A. / Prezas, Dimitrios P.: "Automatic speech recognition in the Spanish telephone network", 957-960.

Billi, Roberto / Buttafava, P. / Stefani, P. De / Gamba, M. / Voltolini, D.: "Computer-aided, voice-based, medical report preparation: an application to radiology", 961-964.

Carlos, Filipe N. / Carmona, Jose P. / Chagas, Pedro M. / Oliveira, Luis C. / Serralheiro, Antonio J. / Trancoso, Isabel M.: "A recognition / synthesis system applied to database access through the telephone network", 965-968.

Helle, Seppo: "An experiment in using a hypertext system in phonetics and speech processing education", 969-972.

Antoniol, G. / Brugnara, F. / Palma, F. Dalla / Lazzari, G. / Moser, E.: "A. RE. s. : an interface for automatic reporting by speech", 973-976.

Schultheiß, U. / Lochschmidt, B.: "COGNITO - an experimental voice-controlled telecommunication system", 977-980.

Bernstein, Jared / Rtischev, Dimitry: "A voice interactive language instruction system", 981-984.

Rooney, Edmund / Hiller, Steven / Laver, John / Benedetto, Maria-Gabriella Di: "Macro and micro features for automated pronunciation improvement in the spell system", 985-988.

Neural Nets: Comparative Studies, Lexical Recognition

Devillers, Laurence / Dugast, Christian: "Comparison of continuous mixture densities and TDNN in a viterbi-framework: experiments on speaker dependent DARPA RM1+", 991-994.

Thurston, Peter / Norris, Dennis: "A comparison of two compression functions used for noisy vowel detection with back-propagation networks", 995-998.

Ferreiros, J. / Castro, A. / Pardo, J. M.: "Comparison between two different approaches in speaker - independent isolated digit recognition", 999-1002.

Poirier, Franck: "DVQ: dynamic vector quantization application to speech processing", 1003-1006.

Bengio, Yoshua / Mori, Renato De / Flammia, Giovanni / Kompe, Ralf: "A comparative study on hybrid acoustic phonetic decoders based on artificial neural networks", 1007-1010.

Sawai, Hidefumi / Nakamura, Satoru: "Time-delay neural network architectures for high-performance speaker-independent recognition", 1011-1014.

Wittenburg, P. / Couwenberg, R.: "Recurrent neural nets as building blocks for human word recognition", 1015-1018.

Mekuria, Fisseha / FjÖllbrant, Tore: "A neural net model for vector quantization", 1019-1022.

Russell, N. H. / Fallside, Frank / Robinson, A. J. / Prager, R. W.: "Lexical access using a recurrent error propagation network", 1023-1026.

Brauer, Peter / Hedelin, Per / Huber, Dieter / Knagenhjelm, Petter / Molno, Johan: "Model or non-model based classifiers", 1027-1030.

Aliosaar, Toomas / Karjalainen, Matti: "Event-based recognition and analysis of speech by neural networks", 1031-1034.

Jelinek, Frederick: "Up from trigrams! - the struggle for improved language models", 1037-1040.

Carlson, Rolf: "Synthesis: modelling variability and constraints", 1043-1048.

Dialogue and Translation

Guyomard, M. / Siroux, J. / Cozannet, A.: "The role of dialogue in speech recognition the case of the yellow", 1051-1054.

Gerbino, E. / Baggia, Paolo: "Interpretation of context-dependent utterances in man-machine dialogue", 1055-1058.

Eggins, S. / Vonwiller, Julie P. / Matthiessen, C. M. I. / Sefton, P.: "The description of minor clauses in information-seeking telephone dialogues", 1059-1062.

Roe, David B. / Pereira, Fernando / Sproat, Richard W. / Riley, Michael D. / Moreno, Pedro J. / Macarron, Alejandro: "Toward a spoken language translator for restricted-domain context-free languages", 1063-1066.

Subramaniam, N. Venkata / Alwar, N. / Mallikarjuna, G. / Rao, P. Prabhakar / Raman, S.: "Bidirectional machine translation in indian languages", 1067-1070.

Speech Analysis and Signal Representation

Papaodysseus, C. / Koukoutsis, E. / Triantafyllou, C. / Vasilatos, C.: "Exact monitoring of the numerical error in various speech algorithms", 1073-1076.

Koreman, Jacques / Cranen, Bert / Boves, Louis: "Automatic computation and comparison of dynamically varying voice source parameters", 1077-1080.

Alku, Paavo: "Glottal wave analysis with pitch synchronous iterative adaptive inverse filtering", 1081-1084.

Galas, Thieny / Rodet, Xavier: "Generalized functional approximation for source-filter system modeling", 1085-1088.

Bimbot, Frederic / Atal, Bishnu S.: "An evaluation of temporal decomposition", 1089-1092.

Discriminant Training and Speaker Adaptation

Zünkler, Klaus: "A discriminative recognizer for isolated and continuous speech using statistical separability measures", 1095-1098.

Schmidbauer, O. / Höge, H.: "Speaker adaptation based on articulatory features", 1099-1102.

Brugnara, F. / Mori, Renato De / Giuliani, D. / Omologo, M.: "A parallel HMM approach to speech recognition", 1103-1106.

Nitta, Tsuneo / Iwasaki, Jun'ichi / Matsu'ura, Hiroshi: "Speaker independent word recognition using HMMs with an orthogonalized phonetic segment codebook", 1107-1110.

Fung, Pascale / Kawahara, Tatsuya / Doshita, Shuji: "Unsupervised speaker normalization by speaker Markov model converter for speaker-independent speech recognition", 1111-1114.

Perception I

Son, Rob J. J. H. van / Pols, Louis C. W.: "The influence of formant track shape on the perception of synthetic vowels", 1117-1120.

Howard-Jones, P. A.: "Fluctuation of noise background: measurement and significance in relation to speech masking", 1121-1124.

Ma, C. / Willems, L. F.: "The audibility of narrow band noise in fiat spectral complex sounds", 1125-1128.

Laan, Gitta P. M. / Bergem, Dick R. van / Beinum, Fiorien J. Koopmans-van: "The importance of spectral quality of vowels for the intelligibility of sentences", 1129-1132.

Steeneken, Herman J. M. / Houtgast, Tammo: "On the mutual dependency of octave-band-specific contributions to speech intelligibility", 1133-1136.

Ooyen, Brit van / Cutler, Anne / Norris, Dennis: "Detection times for vowels versus consonants", 1451-1454.

Bergem, Dick R. van: "The influence of sentence accent, word stress, and word class on the quality of vowels", 1455-1458.

Beinum, Florien J. Koopmans-van: "A peak-and-level model for focus words in read and spontaneous natural speech and in synthetic speech", 1459-1462.

Ingram, J. / Pittam, J.: "Connected speech processes in second language learning", 1463-1466.

Speech Synthesis and Prosody

Potapova, Rodmonga K.: "Modification of acoustic features in Russian connected speech", 1141-1144.

Strik, Helmer / Boves, Louis: "On the relation between voice source characteristics and prosody", 1145-1148.

Stensby, Sverre: "Prosody in a rule-based norwegian text-to-speech system", 1149-1152.

Madhukumar, A. S. / Rajendran, S. / Sekhar, C. Chandra / Yegnanarayana, B.: "Synthesizing intonation for speech in hindi", 1153-1156.

Hieronymus, James L. / Williams, Briony J.: "An investigation of the relation between perceived pitch accent and automatically-located accent in british English", 1157-1160.

Quazza, S.: "Modelling Italian intonation in a text-to-speech system", 1161-1164.

O'Malley, Michael H. / Resnick, Howard / Caisse, Michelle: "An analysis of strategies for finding prosodic clues in text", 1165-1168.

Balestri, Marcello: "A coded dictionary for stress assignment rules in Italian", 1169-1172.

Text-to-Speech Synthesis Systems

Lindert, Enrico te / Leeuwen, Hugo C. van: "Speech maker: text-to-speech conversion based on a multi-level, synchronized data structure", 1231-1234.

Lewis, E. / Tatham, Mark A. A.: "A new text-to-speech synthesis system", 1235-1238.

Oliveira, Luis C. / Viana, M. Ceu / Trancoso, Isabel M.: "DIXI - portuguese text-to-speech system", 1239-1242.

Hansen, P. Molbaek / Petersen, N. Reinholt / Rischel, J. / Henriksen, C.: "Higher-level linguistic information in a text-to-speech system for danish", 1243-1246.

Olaszy, Gabor: "Adaptation of the multivox text-to-speech system to Italian", 1247-1250.

Phonetic Modelling

Niyogi, Partha / Zue, Victor W.: "Correlation analysis of vowels and their application to speech recognition", 1253-1256.

Holmes, John N.: "Use of phonetic knowledge when designing and training stochastic models for speech recognition", 1257-1260.

Kaspar, B. / Schuhmacher, K.: "Modelling phones by microsegments in a phonetically oriented recognition system", 1261-1264.

Kim, Il K. / Lee, H. S.: "An extended LVQ2 algorithm and its application to phoneme classification", 1265-1268.

Dix, P. J. / Vernooij, G. J. / Bloothooft, G.: "A hierarchical broad phonetic classification scheme", 1269-1272.

Generation of Prosody

Hirschberg, Julia: "Using text analysis to predict intonational boundaries", 1275-1278.

Horne, Merle: "Why do speakers accent 'given' information ?", 1279-1282.

Vonwiller, Julie P. / King, R. W. / Lloyd, R. W. T.: "Automatic prosody assignment for interactive synthesized dialogue systems", 1283-1286.

NickYoud, NickYoud / House, Jill: "Generating intonation in a voice dialogue system", 1287-1290.

Delmonte, Rodolfo / Dolci, Roberto: "Computing linguistic knowledge for text-to-speech systems with PROSO", 1291-1294.

Speech Processing and Analysis

Acker, C. / Vary, Peter / Ostendarp, H.: "Acoustic echo cancellation using prediction residual signals", 1297-1300.

Dabis, H. S. / Wrench, Alan A.: "An evaluation of adaptive noise cancelling for speech recognition", 1301-1304.

Mumolo, Enzo / Riccio, Antonello / Abbattista, Giuseppe: "An efficient algorithm for real-time voiced/unvoiced decision", 1305-1308.

Aarset, Tim / Gold, Ben: "Models of pitch perception", 1309-1312.

Corney, P. / Mason, J. S.: "A new perspective on LPC excitation using singular value decomposition", 1315-1318.

Verhelst, Werner / Borger, Marcel: "Intra-speaker transplantation of speech characteristics an application of waveform vocoding techniques and DTW", 1319-1322.

Leung, S. H. / Wong, O. Y. / Lai, K. L.: "Decomposition of the LPC excitation using wavelet functions", 1327-1330.

Ambikairajah, Eliathamby / Kilmartin, Liam: "An adaptive cochlear model for speech recognition", 1331-1334.

Jacovitti, Gianni / Pierucci, Piero / Falaschi, Alessandro: "Speech segmentation and classification using higher order moments", 1335-1338.

Automatic Speech Recognition: Hardware and Noise Reduction

Ciaramella, A. / Clementino, D. / Pacifici, R.: "A PC-housed speaker independent large vocabulary continuous telephonic speech recognizer", 1341-1344.

Aktas, Abdulmesih / Zünkler, Klaus: "Speaker independent continuous HMM-based recognition of isolated words on a real-time multi-DSP system", 1345-1348.

Tsopanoglou, A. / Kyriakis-Bitzaros, E. D. / Mourjopoulos, J. / Kokkinakis, George K.: "A real time speech decoder using instantaneous frequency and energy", 1349-1352.

Schultheiß, M. / Lacroix, A.: "Fast hardware for efficient parallel processing of speech signals", 1353-1356.

Sedivy, Jan / Filcev, Jiff / Uhlir, Jan / Vanek, Tomas / , Vaclav Hanzl, Zdenek Oliva, Petr Kotek / Hanzl, Vaclav / Oliva, Zdenek / Kotek, Petr: "The one chip speech recognition system", 1357-1631.

Villarrubia, L. / Poza, M. J. / Crespo, C.: "Influence of the telephone line on automatic speech recognition", 1363-1366.

Hermansky, Hynek / Morgan, Nelson / Bayya, Aruna / Kohn, Phil: "Compensation for the effect of the communication channel in auditory-like analysis of speech (RASTA-PLP)", 1367-1370.

Junqua, Jean-Claude / Reaves, Ben / Mak, Brian: "A study of endpoint detection algorithms in adverse conditions: incidence on a DTW and HMM recognizer", 1371-1374.

Dvorak, Susanne / Hormann, Thomas: "High-performance speech recognition in noise by continuously updated reference templates", 1375-1378.

Vicsi, Klara: "Speech enhancement in the case of speech recognizers", 1379-1381.

Gomez-Mena, Juan / Santos-Suarez, J. / Garcia-Gomez, Ramón: "A robust feature extraction method for automatic speech recognition in noisy environments", 1383-1386.

Sub-Word Units for Automatic Speech Recognition

Fissore, Lorenzo / Giachin, Egidio P. / Laface, P. / Micca, G.: "Selection of speech units for a speaker-independent CSR task", 1389-1392.

Giachin, Egidio P. / Lee, Chin-Hui / Rabiner, Lawrence R. / Rosenberg, Aaron E. / Pieraccini, Roberto: "Word juncture modeling using inter-word context-dependent phone-like units", 1393-1396.

Nagai, Akito / Sagayama, Shigeki / Kita, Kenji: "Phoneme-context-dependent LR parsing algorithms for HMM-based continuous speech recognition", 1397-1400.

Drexler, H. / Roddeman, R. / Boves, Louis / Strik, Helmer: "Optimizing lexical fast search in a large vocabulary isolated word speech recognition system", 1401-1404.

Auditory Modelling

Fjällbrant, Tore / Mekuria, Fisseha: "Signal processing using an auditory filter bank with side-lobes and phase-jumps", 1429-1431.

Dijk, J. S. C. van: "Notes on auditive coding of sophisticated signals", 1433-1436.

Beham, Manfred: "An auditorily based spectral transformation of speech signals", 1437-1440.

Morris, Andrew C. / Escudier, Pierre / Schwartz, Jean-Luc: "On and off units detect information bottle-necks for speech recognition", 1441-1444.

Pozas-Alvarez, Jose A.: "A new logic operator-based auditory system model", 1445-1448.

Speech Interfaces: Dialogue and Human Factors

Peckham, Jeremy: "Speech understanding and dialogue over the telephone: an overview of progress in the sundial project", 1469-1472.

Tubach, Jean-Pierre / Doignon, P.: "A system for natural spoken language queries design, implementation and assessment", 1473-1476.

Deville, G. / Mousel, P.: "Operational validation of syntactic-semantic models in a spoken man-machine dialogue system", 1477-1480.

Gaiffe, B. / Romary, L. / Pierrel, Jean-Marie: "References in a multimodal dialogue: towards a unified processing", 1481-1485.

Lefebvre, P. / Duncan, G. / Poirier, F.: "The user-unix dialogue: a novel integrated approach to enhancing the operating system interface", 1487-1490.

Arndt, Bodo: "Adoption op verbal and visual dialogue behaviour in document handling systems", 1491-1494.

Smeele, P. M. T. / Sittig, A. C.: "The contribution of vision to speech perception", 1495-1497.

Lickley, R. J. / Shillcock, R. C. / Bard, E. G.: "Processing disfluent speech: how and when are disfluencies found?", 1499-1502.

Chointere, A. / Robert, J.-M. / Descout, Raymond: "Building a user interface for a speech recognition-based telephone application system", 1503-1506.

Murray, A. C. / Frankish, C. R. / Jones, D. M.: "System design and human factors in auditory interfaces", 1507-1510.