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INTERSPEECH 2011
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INTERSPEECH 2011
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GMM-SVM has become a promising approach to text-independent speaker verification. However, a problematic issue of this approach is the extremely serious imbalance between the numbers of speaker-class and impostor-class utterances available for training the speaker-dependent SVMs. This data-imbalance problem can be addressed by (1) creating more speaker-class supervectors for SVM training through utterance partitioning with acoustic vector resampling (UP-AVR) and (2) avoiding the SVM training so that speaker scores are formulated as an inner product discriminant function (IPDF) between the target-speaker's supervector and test supervector. This paper highlights the differences between these two approaches and compares the effect of using different kernels . including the KL divergence kernel, GMM-UBM mean interval (GUMI) kernel and geometric-mean-comparison kernel . on their performance. Experiments on the NIST 2010 Speaker Recognition Evaluation suggest that GMM-SVM with UP-AVR is superior to speaker comparison and that the GUMI kernel is slightly better than the KL kernel in speaker comparison.
Bibliographic reference. Rao, Wei / Mak, Man-Wai (2011): "Addressing the data-imbalance problem in kernel-based speaker verification via utterance partitioning and speaker comparison", In INTERSPEECH-2011, 2717-2720.